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Starter for Forklifts
Forklift Starters - A starter motors today is typically a permanent-magnet composition or a series-parallel wound direct current electrical motor with a starter solenoid installed on it. Once current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, basically through a key-operated switch, the solenoid engages a lever which pushes out the drive pinion that is situated on the driveshaft and meshes the pinion with the starter ring gear that is found on the engine flywheel.
The solenoid closes the high-current contacts for the starter motor, which starts to turn. After the engine starts, the key operated switch is opened and a spring in the solenoid assembly pulls the pinion gear away from the ring gear. This particular action causes the starter motor to stop. The starter's pinion is clutched to its driveshaft by means of an overrunning clutch. This permits the pinion to transmit drive in only a single direction. Drive is transmitted in this manner through the pinion to the flywheel ring gear. The pinion continuous to be engaged, like for instance in view of the fact that the driver fails to release the key once the engine starts or if the solenoid remains engaged because there is a short. This causes the pinion to spin separately of its driveshaft.
The actions discussed above would prevent the engine from driving the starter. This important step prevents the starter from spinning very fast that it will fly apart. Unless modifications were done, the sprag clutch arrangement will prevent using the starter as a generator if it was used in the hybrid scheme discussed prior. Normally a regular starter motor is intended for intermittent use which would stop it being utilized as a generator.
Hence, the electrical parts are intended to be able to work for roughly less than 30 seconds to be able to prevent overheating. The overheating results from too slow dissipation of heat because of ohmic losses. The electrical components are designed to save weight and cost. This is really the reason nearly all owner's instruction manuals utilized for vehicles recommend the driver to pause for at least ten seconds after every ten or fifteen seconds of cranking the engine, whenever trying to start an engine which does not turn over at once.
During the early 1960s, this overrunning-clutch pinion arrangement was phased onto the market. Before that time, a Bendix drive was used. The Bendix system works by placing the starter drive pinion on a helically cut driveshaft. Once the starter motor begins spinning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly enables it to ride forward on the helix, therefore engaging with the ring gear. When the engine starts, the backdrive caused from the ring gear enables the pinion to go beyond the rotating speed of the starter. At this moment, the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and therefore out of mesh with the ring gear.
In the 1930s, an intermediate development between the Bendix drive was made. The overrunning-clutch design which was made and introduced in the 1960s was the Bendix Folo-Thru drive. The Folo-Thru drive has a latching mechanism together with a set of flyweights in the body of the drive unit. This was an improvement as the average Bendix drive used so as to disengage from the ring once the engine fired, although it did not stay functioning.
The drive unit if force forward by inertia on the helical shaft when the starter motor is engaged and begins turning. Then the starter motor becomes latched into the engaged position. Once the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than what is achieved by the starter motor itself, like for instance it is backdriven by the running engine, and after that the flyweights pull outward in a radial manner. This releases the latch and permits the overdriven drive unit to become spun out of engagement, hence unwanted starter disengagement can be prevented prior to a successful engine start.
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